We are known about the word “Cancer”, it is a Dangerous disease of human body. Cancer is a Latin word, the meaning of which is crab. A cancer cell mass have a general tendency to grab the underlying structures. For this reason this disease has been named cancer. Most of the people think that cancer is incurable disease. But this is not true all time. Some cancer can be cured if the diagnosis is made early. If a cancer is diagnosed early it can be cured completely. There are many methods to cure a cancer. We can classify the treatment of cancer is a general way. It is generally said by the scientist that the treatment of cancer is of three types; they are:
• Cutting of the cancer cell mass
• Burning of the cancer cell mass
• Poisoning of the cancer cell mass
Cutting means surgical removal of the cancer cell mass. Burning is stands for killing of the cancer cells by radiation and finally poisoning stands for the killing of the cancel cells by using cyto toxic drugs. Cyto toxic drugs are the chemical agents that kill the cancer cells selectively. They only kill the cancer cells but do not cause any harm to the normal cells of the human body.
The cancers that arises from the external or internal lining (Ectoderm and Endoderm) of the human body are called epithelial cancer. Some important epithelial cancers are:
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Carcinoma of the stomach (Mainly occurs in the cardiac end and the pylorus end of the stomach. But it can affect any part of the stomach)
Carcinoma in the colon (May affect all the four parts of the colon, which is a part of the large intestine)
Carcinoma of the esophagus
Carcinoma of the basal cells of the skin (Generally occurs in the basal cells of the skin of face near the eye ball)
Skin cancer
Renal cell carcinoma (One type of epithelial cancer of the kidney)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (One type of epithelial cancer f the liver)
Carcinoma of the lining epithelial of the mouth cavity.
Most of the epithelial cancers are chemo sensitive. That means the cyto toxic drugs that are used in the chemotherapy can kill the cells of most of the epithelial cancer except the basal cell carcinoma (Rodent ulcer)
Mechanism by which the chemotherapeutic drugs kill the epithelial cancer cells:
The cyto toxic drugs which are used in the chemotherapy stimulate the apoptosis of the cancer cells. Apoptosis is a pathway of cell death, in which the cells die by its own enzyme without eliciting any inflammatory reaction. The drugs differentiate the cancer cells from the normal cells by their rate of proliferation. The cancer cells are rapidly proliferating cells. They have no control on the rate of their proliferation. The chemotherapeutic drugs activate some apoptotic proteins in the cancer cells that start to damage the DNA and the essential proteins of the cancer cells and thus kill the cancer cells.
Some side effect of using the chemotherapeutic drugs in a epithelial cancer: As I mentioned earlier that the cyto toxic drugs differentiate the cancer cells from the normal cells from their rate of proliferation. There are some normal cells in human body which are also rapidly proliferating. The cells of the scalp (Covering of the skull), cells of the mouth cavity and the cells of the hair follicle are rapidly proliferating normal cells of human body. The chemotherapeutic drugs can damage these cells. So ulceration in the mouth cavity, loss of hair and muscular weakness are some common side effect of the use of the chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Tags: Basal Cells, Cancer Cell, Cancer Cells, Cell Mass, Cells Of The Human Body, Dangerous Disease, Ectoderm, Endoderm, Epithelial Cancers, Eye Ball, Incurable Disease, Large Intestine, Latin Word, Liver Carcinoma, Mouth Cavity, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Skin Cancer, Toxic Drugs, Treatment Of Cancer, Word Cancer